APD SEE supports pilot collaboration between Geisenheim University and Tikveš Winery (North Macedonia)
As part of the Agricultural Policy Dialogue Germany – South East Europe (APD SEE), funded by the Federal Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Regional Identity (BMLEH) and implemented by the Regional Rural Development Standing Working Group (SWG) of South Eastern Europe together with IAK Agrar Consulting GmbH, two representatives of Tikveš Winery from North Macedonia visited Geisenheim University from March 31 to April 2, 2026.
The visit aimed to explore innovative approaches linking viticulture with renewable energy and to identify potential areas for cooperation.
The exchange is part of APD SEE's strategic orientation, which foresees stronger involvement of the private sector. In this context, scientific expertise, particularly from Geisenheim and the Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems ISE, is specifically linked with the practical needs and investment plans of companies from South Eastern Europe.
Agri-PV in focus: Visit to experimental sites
A central element of the visit was the inspection of the agri-photovoltaic (Agri-PV) experimental facility at Geisenheim University. The facility covers 3,125 m² and includes both vineyard plots covered with PV modules and control plots without coverage. With a row spacing of 2.5 m and a plant spacing of 1.2 m, it serves to investigate microclimatic effects and interactions between vines and solar modules.
Prof. Manfred Stoll and Prof. Claudia Kammann explained the vitivoltaics experiment – the combined use of photovoltaics and viticulture – to the visitors from North Macedonia, oenologist Aleksandra Ristova and engineer Nikola Janovski.
Thomas Franke, who played a key role in establishing the system, presented different construction approaches. Around 550 semi-transparent glass-glass modules with a transparency of over 50% are used, ensuring sufficient light transmission. The modules are mounted on tracking systems and allow for varying shading intensities, which can be software-controlled and adjusted to the position of the sun as well as the requirements of the vines.
Scientific findings and practical relevance
Current research results on vitivoltaics were also presented. The trials aim to quantify the potential of cultivation under Agri-PV systems, provide data for knowledge transfer, and further develop sustainable forms of land use.
Initial findings show that vitivoltaics can make a significant contribution to climate change adaptation. In particular, protection against sunburn, which has increased significantly in recent years, is highlighted. While extreme years can cause substantial damage in exposed locations, partial shading by PV modules helps to significantly reduce these risks.
In addition, positive effects on grape health have been observed, such as reduced susceptibility to Botrytis. At the same time, controlling light conditions allows for more targeted influence on ripening processes. Although slightly lower yields may occur under Agri-PV, this is offset by higher quality and a greater proportion of healthy grapes.
Investment plans of Tikveš Winery and prospects for cooperation
Tikveš Winery is planning to establish its own vitivoltaic system in North Macedonia. The main drivers are increasing climatic stress, particularly heat and sunburn, as well as an interest in decentralized renewable energy.
During the visit, opportunities for cooperation in the planning and implementation of this project were discussed. Tikveš Winery collaborates with numerous smaller producers and is interested in establishing a training center for innovative methods and technologies in viticulture. There are also prospects for joint research and exchange formats, e.g., through student programs and participation in European funding initiatives.
Multifunctional landscapes and knowledge transfer
Beyond the technical and scientific aspects, the role of agrotourism was also addressed. In the APD SEE partner countries, tourism is an important source of income. Geisenheim University provides a strong example in this regard: experimental sites on campus are complemented by informational elements that educate visitors about vitivoltaics, biodiversity measures, innovative cultivation systems, and more.
Conclusion
The visit highlights the importance of international cooperation for the development of sustainable and climate-resilient agricultural systems. APD SEE serves as a platform to translate scientific knowledge into practical applications in the private sector and to strengthen knowledge transfer between research and practice.